The nonradiative changeover prices follow the system WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), where by p is the quantity of phonons matching the Electricity gap. The nonradiative changeover rates of Er3+ show temperature dependence according to the multiphonon rest principle. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative rest costs is complex https://shirinw368vvt0.sunderwiki.com/user